A mortgage loan is a debt instrument. Normally, people take mortgage loans to purchase property like home, land etc. A mortgage loan helps you raise money so that you can make up for your financial shortage and also purchase what you want. Mortgage loan is a Secured Loan. The loan is secured on the borrower's property. Going forward, the borrower needs to repay the loan as well as the interest amount on the loan within a particular period of time. Once the repayment is completely done, you will be able own the property on your name or get back your belongings. Mortgage loans are also known as or claims on property or liens against property. In case, you stop repaying your mortgage loan, the lender/bank has the complete right to possess and sell the secured property. A mortgage loan involves the following components - principal, interest, tax and insurance. Principal is the amount you actually borrow from your lender. Interest is the reward your lender receives for lending you the money. The interest rate plays a major role in increasing the size of your mortgage loan. Higher interest rates lead to higher mortgage payment. Tax and insurance payments are added to your monthly mortgage payments. Insurance provides you protection against future injuries that may be caused to your property. Also, your real estate taxes will be added to your monthly payments. The government will collect this tax on yearly basis and use that amount to fund various public and social sector activities. So, when you take a mortgage loan, you also need to understand the above mentioned components that affect the size of your mortgage repayments.